The Marangoni effect is responsible for the beautiful, dynamic ice crystals that swirl around a bubble’s surface as it freezes. It is caused by a surface tension difference, which can be generated by a solute gradient, a chemical reaction or – as in this

The Marangoni effect is responsible for the beautiful, dynamic ice crystals that swirl around a bubble’s surface as it freezes. It is caused by a surface tension difference, which can be generated by a solute gradient, a chemical reaction or – as in this